Elena E. Tinikova

URBANIZATION OF TUVA IN THE SOVIET AND MODERN PERIODS

The paper considers the urbanization of Tuva as one of the most important aspects of modernization. The author covers in detail the dynamics of the main quantitative and qualitative indicators of the urbanization of the region. It is emphasized that the urban settlements of Tuva developed extensively due to the accelerated pace of urbanization, the formation of the urban population primarily because of the countrymen, as well as the priority of the city's economy over its socio-cultural development. The analysis of the transformation of the structure of the urban population of the region in the context of its social, national and educational composition is carried out. Special attention is paid to the results of the urbanization of Tuva, and the study of its impact on the transformation of all spheres of public life. The study is based on the analysis of official statistics and data from a sociological survey conducted in Tuva in 2019. In general, urbanization here, in addition to catching up characteristic, has a number of specific features primarily concerned with the peculiarities of the geographical location of the republic, its historical development and national status. However, in general, the vector of urban development of Tuva is identical to the direction of development of the Russian Federation and it is determined by the level of development of the economic sphere of society.